Vector superconductivity in cosmic strings

Physics – Condensed Matter – Superconductivity

Scientific paper

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Bosons, Cosmic Plasma, Cosmic Rays, Cosmology, Gauge Theory, Magnetic Fields, Particle Interactions, Particle Theory, Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Theory, String Theory, Superconductivity, Vector Dominance Model, Classical Mechanics, Elementary Particle Interactions, Energy Levels, Excitation, Field Theory (Physics)

Scientific paper

We argue that in most realistic cases, the usual Witten-type bosonic superconductivity of the cosmic string is automatically (independent of the existence of superconducting currents) accompanied by the condensation of charged gauge vector bosons in the core giving rise to a new vector type superconductivity. The value of the charged vector condensate is related to the charged scalar expectation value, and vanishes only if the latter goes to zero. The mechanism for the proposed vector superconductivity, differing fundamentally from those in the literature, is delineated using the simplest realistic example of the two Higgs doublet standard model interacting with the extra cosmic string. It is shown that for a wide range of parameters, for which the string becomes scalarly superconducting, W boson condensates (the sources of vector superconductivity) are necessarily excited.

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