Excitation energy after a smooth quench in a Luttinger liquid

Details Excitation energy after a smooth quench in a Luttinger liquid Excitation energy after a smooth quench in a Luttinger liquid

2011-09-17

arxiv.org/abs/1109.3801v2

Phys. Rev. B 84, 214522 (2011)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Superconductivity

5 pages, 2 figures; minor changes, version published in Phys. Rev. B

Scientific paper

Low energy physics of quasi-one-dimensional ultracold atomic gases is often described by a gapless Luttinger liquid (LL). It is nowadays routine to manipulate these systems by changing their parameters in time but, no matter how slow the manipulation is, it must excite a gapless system. We study a smooth change of parameters of the LL (a smooth "quench") with a variable quench time and find that the excitation energy decays with an inverse power of the quench time. This universal exponent is -2 at zero temperature, and -1 for slow enough quenches at finite temperature. The smooth quench does not excite beyond the range of validity of the low energy LL description.

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