Physics
Scientific paper
Nov 1968
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1968jatp...30.1857t&link_type=abstract
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, vol. 30, no. 11, pp. 1857-1875
Physics
5
Scientific paper
The electron content of the ionosphere was recorded continuously at latitudes of 34°S and 42°S for a period of 18 months. The results are combined with ionosonde measurements to determine the mean changes in the night-time ionosphere at latitudes of 10 to 60°. The effective loss coefficient [beta] is constant at about 4.10-5 sec-1 in summer, and 3.10-5 sec-1 in winter, throughout most of the night. This agrees with the values observed at sunset when allowance is made for changes in the height and temperature of the F-layer. A nocturnal source of ionization is observed at all seasons. It acts for about 3 hr near midnight, at geomagnetic latitudes of 15 to 40° in summer and 25 to 50° in winter. The total influx is about 2.1016 electrons/m2, with an annual variation of 50 per cent and a solar cycle variation of 150 per cent. The influx increases by 50 per cent during periods of high magnetic activity. Calculations of the diffusion of ionization from the exposure, assuming that there is no production or loss of protons by charge exchange, predict a nocturnal flux of 2.1016 electrons/m2 into the ionosphere at latitudes between 20 and 45°. This influx will extend to higher latitudes in winter than in summer. It will have an annual variation of 50 per cent and a solar cycle variation of about 150 per cent.
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