Physics
Scientific paper
Mar 1982
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1982mnras.198.1033k&link_type=abstract
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 198, Mar. 1982, p. 1033-1052.
Physics
54
Astronomical Models, Cosmology, Mass Distribution, Matter (Physics), Radiation Distribution, Relic Radiation, Universe, Cosmic Dust, Lumping, Poisson Density Functions, Temperature Gradients, X Ray Sources
Scientific paper
The temperature fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation in a lumpy universe are calculated by a model which is valid in a Friedmann background of arbitrary Omega, under the assumption that matter has been dominant since the photons were last scattered. The model is combined with observational limits on the fluctuations in the CMB to yield an upper limit to the present spectrum of inhomogeneities. The absence of any quadrupole anisotropy greater than about 0.0003 sets a limit on the amplitude of lumps, on scales far larger than the present horizon. Consideration of the limits on inhomogeneity from the isotropy of the X-ray background shows them to be consistent with the microwave limits, and it is noted that the failure to detect a dipole anisotropy in the X-rays at the approximately 1/3% level, if there is no X-ray source evolution, favors a high-density universe.
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