The equatorial electrojet - A review of the ionospheric and geomagnetic aspects

Physics

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Equatorial Electrojet, Geomagnetism, Ionospheric Disturbances, Atmospheric Ionization, F Region, Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling, Magnetospheric Instability, Plasma-Particle Interactions, Sporadic E Layer, Vertical Distribution

Scientific paper

In this review, the recent additional knowledge about the physical processes in two broad areas of the equatorial electrojet are emphasized: (1) the local interactions of the neutral winds with the electrojet plasma which result in diverse but physically inter-related effects on the altitude structure of electric fields and currents, ionization convergences and the formation of blanketing Es layers and F-region ionization dynamics; and (2) the very sensitive responses of the equatorial electrojet to the complex auroral ionosphere-magnetosphere interaction processes. On both the aspects, a synthesis of the observational results and theoretical models and ideas is attempted. The factors which contribute to apparent contradictions in the morphological results on the equatorial 'counter-electrojet' are discussed along with the possible physical processes causing the 'counter-electrojet'.

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