QCD at finite isospin density

Details QCD at finite isospin density QCD at finite isospin density

2000-05-23

arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0005225v2

Phys.Rev.Lett. 86 (2001) 592-595

Physics

High Energy Physics

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

4 pages, 1 figure, version to appear in PRL

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.592

QCD at finite isospin chemical potential mu_I has no fermion sign problem and can be studied on the lattice. We solve this theory analytically in two limits: at low mu_I where chiral perturbation theory is applicable, and at asymptotically high mu_I where perturbative QCD works. At low isospin density the ground state is a pion condensate, whereas at high density it is a Fermi liquid with Cooper pairing. The pairs carry the same quantum numbers as the pion. This leads us to a conjecture that the transition from hadron to quark matter is smooth, which passes several tests. Our results imply a nontrivial phase diagram in the space of temperature and chemical potentials of isospin and baryon number.

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