The structure and development of solar flares outside sunspots

Physics

Scientific paper

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Solar Flares: Structure, Development

Scientific paper

Using observations in the Hα line we investigate in detail the flares outside sunspots that were observed at the Baikal Astrophysical Observatory (BAO). The study revealed that flares outside sunspots are accompanied in the chromosphere by the formation of dark vortex structures in regions of formation of flare ribbons, as well as by activations of the fine structure over relatively large areas, generally exceeding the active region size (on the order of 120 square degrees). One case is pointed out where the region of formation of the flare ribbon developed a system of small-scale dark loops, a peculiar "tunnel", within which a flaring loop was subsequently evolving. A close association of flares outside sunspots with the chromospheric and magnetic network boundaries is identified. It is suggested that flares outside sunspots should be treated as one of local phenomena in the chain of pre-flare events encompassing the large-scale network of magnetic fields.

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