Response of Late Holocene Nordic Sea temperatures to solar forcing

Details Response of Late Holocene Nordic Sea temperatures to solar forcing Response of Late Holocene Nordic Sea temperatures to solar forcing

Dec 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006agufm.u12b..02s&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #U12B-02

Physics

4900 Paleoceanography (0473, 3344), 4954 Sea Surface Temperature

Scientific paper

We report on a new, annually- to decadally-resolved oxygen isotope paleotemperature series developed in sediment cores (P1003MC and P1003SC) raised from a region of rapid sedimentation and strong Atlantic water inflow in the SE Norwegian Sea. A chronology of the last 8000 years has been established based on identification of historic Icelandic tephras, lead dating and 90 AMS radiocarbon dates. Identification of radiocarbon plateaus within the sediment record has allowed us to constrain the marine reservoir age of radiocarbon and to estimate calendar ages via wiggle matching against the 14C age v. calendar age calibration relationship in tree rings, greatly improving the chronology. Previous studies have demonstrated strong correlation between 18O/16O in Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (right coiling form) and the local instrumental record of summer air temperature back to ~1870 AD (Berstad et al., 2003). Over the last 1000 yr, estimated sea surface and coastal air temperatures varied by 1-2 °C and appear to co-vary (r = ~ 0.6) with observational (group sun spot number and galactic cosmic ray flux) and proxy (14C and 10Be) records of solar activity. The relation of temperature and solar activity is also directly evident from the location of major 14C plateaus (3 in the last 700 years) relative to shifts in oxygen isotope composition within the sediments. The new isotope series is also similar to various reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere temperature, but has significantly larger amplitude throughout the last 1000 years and obvious differences in structure at 1800-1900 AD, and 1500-1600 AD. These differences suggest that solar variability may have a larger impact on atmosphere/ocean dynamics which redistribute ocean heat within the hemisphere than it does on the hemispheric energy balance as a whole (consistent with generally low estimates of Total Solar Irradiance change on these timescales). Lastly, we suggest a strategy of placing records of Atlantic SST and salinity on a common timescale using 14C plateaus as a means of testing mechanisms of heat and freshwater redistribution within the basin on centennial timescales.

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