Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 1976
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1976jgr....81.3423r&link_type=abstract
Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 81, July 1, 1976, p. 3423-3427.
Physics
2
Charged Particles, Lunar Shadow, Lunar Surface, Magnetic Field Configurations, Particle Trajectories, Angular Distribution, Cyclotron Radiation, Isotropic Media, Magnetic Measurement, Magnetization, Particle Interactions, Photoelectrons, Surface Reactions
Scientific paper
The problem of particle shadowing by the lunar surface is examined. Shadow zones are obtained analytically for small-aperture detectors on an infinite flat surface and are shown to be in good agreement with those obtained by numerical trajectory tracing. The shadow zones cover about half of all possible external field orientations for a vertical detector, which may result in serious underestimations of the frequency of observation of a particular plasma region. Shadowing may cause wide variations between observed and actual pitch angle distributions even in the case of multiple- or large-aperture detectors. Since the particle flux can be considered approximately isotropic only for magnetic fields within 35 deg of the surface normal, the electron flux to the surface may be overestimated in current balance calculations ignoring the magnetic field direction. In addition, photoelectrons may be returned to the surface by the magnetic field.
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