Physics
Scientific paper
Mar 1998
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1998sgeo...19..139j&link_type=abstract
Surv. Geophys., Vol. 19, No. 2, p. 139 - 187
Physics
4
Geomagnetic Field: Intensity Variations, Geomagnetic Field: Palaeomagnetism
Scientific paper
The Earth's main magnetic field can be approximated by an axial, geocentric dipole. The remaining non-dipole field is much smaller and is a regional rather than a global feature - quite large changes can occur in a few ka. This review is concerned with changes in the dipole component of the geomagnetic field, and one of the problems is in separating the non-dipole from the dipole contributions to the field. Unlike the many determinations of the direction of the Earth's magnetic field in the past, estimates of the intensity of the field are comparatively few, especially before the Holocene. This is mainly the result of experimental difficulties in obtaining reliable measurements of the field. These problems are discussed in some detail and are followed by a short account of archaeomagnetic intensities and results from Hawaii where many of the first determinations were obtained. Measurements for ≡the last 100 ka from both lavas and lacustrine and oceanic sediments are reviewed and results from different areas compared. Finally an account is given of the far more limited data on palaeointensities in earlier times.
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