ELF and VLF wave generation by modulated HF heating of the current carrying lower ionosphere

Physics

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Extremely Low Frequencies, Ionospheric Heating, Lower Ionosphere, Radio Frequency Heating, Very Low Frequencies, Wave Generation, Oscillographs, Signal Reception, Vertical Distribution

Scientific paper

This paper presents further experimental results on ionospheric current modulation, using powerful amplitude modulated HF waves produced by the new heating facility at Ramfjordmoen near Tromso, Norway. As a result of the current modulation, waves in the ULF, ELF and VLF range can be efficiently generated. The experiments discussed here cover the range from low ELF up to 7 kHz. The observed signal strengths are of the order 1 pT. Decomposition of the received ELF/VLF waves into R- and L-mode shows that both modes are usually of comparable strength. The signal strength as a function of modulation frequency shows pronounced maxima at multiples of approximately 2 kHz. The paper also presents a brief theoretical discussion of the processes involved in the generation of ELF/VLF waves by HF induced current modulation.

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