Geomagnetic activity at the time of heliospheric current sheet crossings

Physics

Scientific paper

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Current Sheets, Geomagnetism, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Magnetic Flux, Solar Magnetic Field, Solar Terrestrial Interactions, Azimuth, Periodic Variations, Solar Wind Velocity, Statistical Analysis

Scientific paper

Geomagnetic activity during the three days preceding and following crossings of the heliospheric current sheet describing large-scale interplanetary magnetic field structure are examined. Superposed epoch analysis of geomagnetic activity as indicated by the AL index was carried out using the times of changes in the azimuthal angle of the interplanetary magnetic field as key dates. It is found that the expression obtained by Murayama (1979) relating geomagnetic activity to the southward component of the interplanetary magnetic field and the bulk solar wind velocity is valid for the AL index. Short-term variations of the AL index are further observed to be controlled by fluctuations in the southward interplanetary magnetic field component, while long term variations are controlled by the solar wind velocity.

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