Physics – Atomic Physics
Scientific paper
2011-04-15
Phys. Rev. Lett 107, 060406 (2011)
Physics
Atomic Physics
Scientific paper
We study a two-dimensional lattice gas of atoms that are photo-excited to high-lying Rydberg states in which they interact via the van-der-Waals interaction. We explore the regime of dominant nearest neighbor interaction where this system is intimately connected to a quantum version of Baxter's hard squares model. We show that the strongly correlated ground state of the Rydberg gas can be analytically described by a projected entangled pair state that constitutes the ground state of the quantum hard squares model. This correspondence allows us to identify a first order phase boundary where the Rydberg gas undergoes a transition from a disordered (liquid) phase to an ordered (solid) phase.
Ates Cenap
Ji Shaolin
Lesanovsky Igor
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