Perturbation of the orbit of Explorer 19 due to solar radiation

Physics

Scientific paper

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Explorer 19 Satellite, Orbit Perturbation, Orbital Mechanics, Radiation Pressure, Solar Radiation, Gravitational Fields, Orbit Calculation, Revolving

Scientific paper

The orbit of the balloon satellite, Explorer 19, is analyzed to determine the effects of direct solar radiation pressure over one revolution of the satellite (111 min) for MJD 42822 and MJD 42966. At the earlier date, the satellite entered the earth's shadow, presenting an opportunity to examine the effectiveness of two different shadow models. The reflectivity of the surface of the satellite was estimated from analysis of the variations in orbital eccentricity over a period of 236 days. Although many of the parameters associated with the shape and orientation of the satellite are unknown, the theory for a non-spherical satellite is applied using trial and error methods to determine the parameters of best fit. The paper concludes with an examination of the perturbations in orbital eccentricity and inclination due to incident, specularly reflected, and diffusely reflected radiation.

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