Orientation of the HAARP ELF ionospheric dipole and the auroral electrojet

Physics

Scientific paper

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Ionosphere: Auroral Ionosphere (2704), Ionosphere: Wave Propagation (0689, 3285, 4275, 4455, 6934), Ionosphere: Instruments And Techniques, Radio Science: Waves In Plasma (7867), Radio Science: Ionospheric Physics (1240, 2400)

Scientific paper

The HF heating facility of the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP), located near Gakona, Alaska, generates ELF (300 Hz - 3 kHz) waves via modulated HF (2.7-10 MHz) heating of the auroral electrojet. Using two ELF/VLF receivers at ~700 km from HAARP, the orientation of the equivalent ELF radiating ionospheric dipole is inferred from the relative strength and Earth-ionosphere waveguide modal content of signals received. In several cases analyzed the effective HAARP electric dipole orientation is generally along magnetic east-west direction. A new metric is introduced to evaluate the validity of the determination of source characteristics with medium and long-range ELF/VLF measurements. Results are put into context of the auroral electrojet, indicating the possibility of studying small-scale electrojet structure not observable with magnetometers.

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