Dust Production in Type II SNe

Details Dust Production in Type II SNe Dust Production in Type II SNe

Mar 2008

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008sptz.prop50534a&link_type=abstract

Spitzer Proposal ID #50534

Physics

Scientific paper

Recent detection of large amounts of dust in high redshift galaxies has led to an increased interest in the importance of Type II supernovae (SNe) as dust producers. The dust in high-z galaxies must come from young, massive stars, so Type II SNe are one of the few possible sources. We propose to observe three very bright Type II SNe (SN 2007it, 2007oc and 2007od) in nearby galaxies. The ages of these SNe mean that they will be perfectly timed to be in their dust formation phases during Cycle 5. Three observational signatures of this dust formation can be seen, a decrease in the continuum brightness in the visible, a developing infrared excess, and asymmetric, blue-shifted emission-line profiles. We are already planning photometric and spectroscopic observations of these SNe with Gemini and SMARTS, but observations of the IR emission are needed to confirm that dust formation has occurred. These three indicators usually appear around 300-600 days after the SN explosion, when the brightness of the SN has diminished considerably. Fortunately, these three SNe are all unusually bright, allowing us a rare opportunity to follow them through and beyond their dust formation phases. With Spitzer, we will be able to carefully study the IR emission, and together with the Gemini and SMARTS data, we may be able to double the number of Type II SNe known to have shown all three dust formation signatures. This increased sample size will help answer what fraction of Type II SNe produce dust, how much dust they produce, and what conditions of the SNe ejecta affect the dust formation. These estimates will put strong constraints on the formation of dust seen in young, high redshift galaxies.

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