Morphological features of the winter anomaly in ionospheric absorption of radio waves at middle latitudes

Details Morphological features of the winter anomaly in ionospheric absorption of radio waves at middle latitudes Morphological features of the winter anomaly in ionospheric absorption of radio waves at middle latitudes

Jan 1980

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1980jgr....85..197s&link_type=abstract

Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 85, Jan. 1, 1980, p. 197-205.

Physics

1

Anomalies, Ionospheric Propagation, Magnetic Storms, Midlatitude Atmosphere, Morphology, Winter, Augmentation, D Region, Data Processing, Geomagnetism

Scientific paper

The spatial extent and duration of the winter anomaly, i.e., the anomalous and large enhancement in ionospheric absorption of hf and mf waves occurring on groups of winter days at middle latitudes, are examined on the basis of data of the minimum frequency at which reflected waves are recorded on ionograms at 18 stations in USSR, Japan, and North America during the periods November-February 1971-1972 and 1972-1973, considering that minimum frequency enhancement represents an increased ionospheric absorption of hf and mf waves. It is found that the winter anomaly occurs simultaneously in an extensive daytime area at middle latitudes, at least in some scattered region over the area, whose longitudinal extent reaches at most approximately 100 deg. The southern boundary of the anomaly seems to be controlled geomagnetically and located below 30 deg in geomagnetic latitude. Also it is shown that the winter anomaly seems to be associated with geomagnetic storms, mainly sc (sudden commencement) storms, because outstanding enhancements in wave absorption begin usually 1-3 days after the beginning of an individual sc storm and last for more than a few days with decreasing magnitude. It is suggested that the winter anomaly be ascribed to ionization enhancements in the lower D region due to precipitating electrons from the outer atmosphere, mainly from the slot region, associated with geomagnetic storms.

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