Physics
Scientific paper
Apr 1982
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1982sci...216..467e&link_type=abstract
Science, vol. 216, Apr. 30, 1982, p. 467-474.
Physics
5
Earth Atmosphere, Interplanetary Space, Solar Activity Effects, Solar Terrestrial Interactions, Climate Change, Earth Ionosphere, Earth Magnetosphere, Solar Constant, Solar Wind, Solar X-Rays, Ultraviolet Radiation, Weather
Scientific paper
Attempts to draw connections between solar activity and the terrestrial atmosphere, and to describe the solar-terrestrial system are presented. A summary is given of the outward expulsion of radiation and particles from the sun, and it is noted that the solar flux varies less than a few tenths of 1%/yr. UV radiation causes the formation of O3 20-50 km over the earth's surface, while EUV and X ray radiation govern the production of free electrons in the ionosphere and subsequent high-level winds. Interactions of the solar wind with the earth's magnetopause at 10 earth radii, and possible connections with the auroral oval are described. Neutral elemental species in the atmosphere vary from season to season and diurnally with UV heating of the ionosphere and atmospheric tides, causing unequal distributions of concentrations of gases of different atomic weights, and winds up to 500 m/sec have been observed at 100 km altitude during day-to-night flows in the presence of magnetically disturbed conditions. The possible existence of correlations between sunspots, sunspot cycles, and climatic changes like rainfall rates are mentioned.
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