Evaporation of H2O-CO2-CH4-CO ice and its implication for the evolution of ice grains

Physics

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Comets, Ice Formation, Ice Nuclei, Icy Satellites, Planetary Evolution, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Evaporation Rate, Evaporography, Ice Environments, Mass Spectroscopy, Methane, Water

Scientific paper

Evaporation of H2O-CO2-CH4-CO ice is investigated using mass spectroscopy and electron diffraction. The ice condensed at 10 K is a mixture of amorphous CO (a-CO), a-CH4, a-CO2 and a-H2O, about 1/3 of the CO and 1/2 of the CO2 are adsorbed on a-H2O. The residual CO and CH4 are included in a-CO2 and a-H2O as impurities and residual CO2 in a-H2O. When the ice mixture is warmed, trapped molecules evaporate in ten distinct temperature ranges. CO and CH4 trapped in CO2 evaporate at temperatures between 50 and 90 K, and increase with increasing CO2/H2O at 10 K. The CO/H2O ratios in the ice mixture at around 45 K are between 0.07 to 0.13, and are higher than those in H2O-CO ice (0.01 to 0.04). Estimation of nebular temperature based on the evaporation experiments on H2O-CO ice should therefore be corrected.

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