Polonium in Florida groundwater and its possible relationship to the sulfur cycle and bacteria

Physics

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Scientific paper

The last radioactive member of the 238 U natural decay-series, 210 Po is normally considered a very particle-reactive isotope. Analysis of most natural waters shows that 210 Po is present at very low activities, usually even lower than its insoluble precursor, 210 Pb. We have recently discovered, however, that 210 Po exists at very high concentrations in groundwaters of some shallow aquifers in west central Florida. These waters tend to be fairly acidic ( pH < 5), sulfide-bearing, and relatively high in 222 Rn. Detailed study of one well with extraordinary levels of 210 Po (~1000 dpm/1) indicates that: (1) 210 Po in this water is in great excess of radioactive equilibrium with its predecessors 210 Pb and 210 Bi; (2) most Po in this water exists in a form which does not coprecipitate with an iron hydroxide scavenge; and (3) the conversion of soluble (0.2 m filter) to particulate Po occurs over a time scale of a few days during sulfide oxidation. We suspect that Po cycling in this environment is related to the sulfur cycle and may, therefore, be influenced by sulfur bacteria.

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