Physics
Scientific paper
Jun 1988
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1988sciam.258...66s&link_type=abstract
Scientific American (ISSN 0036-8733), vol. 258, June 1988, p. 66-72.
Physics
1
Abundance, Big Bang Cosmology, Elementary Particles, Particle Acceleration, Particle Energy, Helium, Nucleons, Protons, Quarks
Scientific paper
The use of big bang theory to limit the number of families of elementary particles is discussed. The abundance of He-4 in the universe is sensitive to the rate of universal expansion, which in turn depends on the radiation density. The latter is a function of the number of elementary particle families. The He-4 abundance indicates that at most four families of elementary particles exist.
Schramm David N.
Steigman Gary
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