The GLE of 14 July 2000: comparative analysis of increase effect on close neutron monitors in Apatity and Oulu

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Count rates of two closely located neutron monitors (NMs) at Oulu and Apatity depicted an unusually different behaviour during the onset phase of the ground- level enhancement (GLE) of 14 July 2000. Similar differences were observed during the onsets of GLEs of 2 May 1998 and 15 April 2001. All these three events took place after a strong Forbush decrease, implying significantly disturbed interplanetary and geomagnetic conditions. In all cases the NM with a higher count rate (Oulu on 2 May 1998 and 15 April 2001, Apatity on 14 July 2000) was located in the so-called 14 MLT region (1416 hours of Magnetic Local Time) where the maximum dayside auroral intensity and some other anomalous geophysical phenomena are located. Here we analyse these events using data from Apatity, Oulu and some other NMs, as well as their asymptotic cones calculated using the Tsyganenko 1989 magnetospheric model. We suggest that there is an anomaly in magnetospheric structure in the 14 MLT sector which facilitates the penetration of cosmic ray protons from the dayside magnetopause to the ground.

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