Physics
Scientific paper
Aug 2001
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001icrc....8.3367r&link_type=abstract
Proceedings of the 27th International Cosmic Ray Conference. 07-15 August, 2001. Hamburg, Germany. Under the auspices of the Int
Physics
Scientific paper
The large 6 November 1997 GLE was detected and its intensity measured by many neutron monitor stations. Proton-initiated showers were also registered in the Milagrito ground-level water-Cherenkov gamma-ray telescope. Atmospheric muons from solar energetic particles were detected within the 4800 square meter, 2650 m high pond over a period of several hours. The energy threshold for detecting a muon signal in Milagrito is greater than detecting a neutron signal in the nearby Climax NM, being a convolution of both the geomagnetic and atmospheric cutoffs. We estimate the onset of the signal to be at 1207 UT 6 minutes, the same as that measured with NMs within measurement error. Based on the signal detected in a scaler counting mode, we deduce from the relative signal strengths in neutron monitors and Milagrito an interplanetary proton spectrum that is rapidly softening above 4 GV. The spectral index above 4 GV is -91, as compared to that deduced purely from neutron monitors above 1 GV of -5.6 0.4 (Lovell et al. 1999). Furthermore, we estimate that these protons and ions above 4 GV originated no lower (1 sigma) than 2 solar radii above the solar surface, suggesting the presence of intense shock at unusually low altitudes.
Milagro Collaboration
Ryan Michael J.
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