Physics
Scientific paper
Aug 2000
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2000mpse.conf...53g&link_type=abstract
International Conference on Mars Polar Science and Exploration, p. 53
Physics
Iceland, Volcanoes, Volcanology, Terrain, Glaciers
Scientific paper
Volcanism under the Pleistocene ice sheet has had a profound effect on landscape in Iceland. Fissure eruptions typically produced hyaloclastite ridges and, in some cases, the higher and more voluminous tuyas. These landforms are today conspicuous features of the active volcanic zones. Volcanic eruptions have been numerous within the present ice caps, notably where the active volcanic zone is covered by the Vatnajokull ice cap in central Iceland 111, and under the Myrdalsjokull ice cap in south Iceland. However, despite the high frequency of eruptions within glaciers in Iceland, no such eruption had been monitored in any detail before the Gjalp eruption In October 1996. The reason for this was the unusually quiet volcanic period that occurred in Vatnajokull after 1938 and the fact that the last major eruption in Myrdalsjokull occurred in 1918. Thus, the Gjalp eruption provided an unique opportunity to observe processes and measure their rates during a subglacial eruption. Additional information is obtained in the original extended abstract.
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