Medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances detected with dense and wide TEC maps over North America

Physics

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Ionosphere: Ionospheric Disturbances, Ionosphere: Ionosphere/Atmosphere Interactions (0335), Ionosphere: Ionospheric Irregularities, Ionosphere: Midlatitude Ionosphere, Ionosphere: Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

Nighttime and daytime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) are detected with dense and wide detrended total electron content (TEC) maps over North America using multiple GPS receiver networks. The TEC maps cover a wide region of 60-130°W and 24-54°N (30-65°N in geomagnetic latitude), and have a spatial resolution of 1.05° × 1.05° in latitude and longitude (0.15° × 0.15° with 7 × 7 pixel smoothing) and a temporal resolution of 30 seconds. The TEC maps reveal, for the first time, that the nighttime MSTIDs propagate southwestward with 200-500 km wavelengths over North America and have wavefronts longer than ~2,000 km. We also observe that daytime MSTIDs with 300-1,000 km wavelengths propagate southeastward until mid-afternoon and southwestward in the late afternoon. In the mid-to-late afternoon, these MSTIDs propagating in the different directions are superimposed. The TEC maps can be a new powerful tool to investigate the MSTIDs.

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