Interannual variations of the mean wind and gravity wave variances in the middle atmosphere over Hawaii

Physics

Scientific paper

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Gravity Waves, Atmosphere, Dynamics, Climatology, El Nin~O, Medium Frequency Radar

Scientific paper

Using simple numerical filters, wind variances with time scales of 0.1-1h and 1-5h are estimated from medium frequency radar wind observations at altitudes 70-94km over Hawaii (22°N, 160°W) during the years 1990-2000. The results show interannual variations of the mean wind and variances. The variances can be attributed to the presence of atmospheric gravity waves (GWs). At altitudes below 80km a maximum of GW intensity was observed between the years 1992 and 1996. An average seasonal cycle in wind variances is calculated by compositing over the 11 years of data. The monthly residual values, obtained after subtraction of the average seasonal variations show quasi-biennial (~27 month) and longer period oscillations. Maximum variances are observed in 1993 and 1998-1999 at altitudes above ~84km. A correlation is found between GW wind variances and the Southern Oscillation Index, which in turn reflects El Nin~o activity in the tropical Pacific. However, more analysis with several El Nin~o events is required to establish the correlation with greater confidence.

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