Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002hst..prop.9352r&link_type=abstract
HST Proposal ID #9352
Physics
Hst Proposal Id #9352
Scientific paper
Type Ia supernovae {SNe Ia} provide the only direct evidence for an accelerating universe, an extraordinary result that needs a rigorous test. The case for cosmic acceleration rests on the observation that SNe Ia at z 0.5 are 0.25 mag fainter than they would be in a universe without acceleration. A powerful and straightforward way to assess the reliability of the SN Ia measurement and the conceptual framework of its interpretation is to look for cosmic deceleration at z >= 1. This would be a clear signature of a mixed dark-matter and dark-energy universe. Systematic errors in the SN Ia result attributed to grey dust or cosmic evolution of the SN Ia peak luminosity would not show this change of sign. We have demonstrated proof of this concept with a single SN Ia, SN 1997ff at z = 1.7, found and followed by HST. The results suggest an early epoch of deceleration, but this is too important a conclusion to rest on just one object. Here we propose to use HST for observations of six SNe Ia in the range 1.2 <= z <= 1.6, that will be discovered as a byproduct from proposed Treasury programs for high-latitude ACS surveys. Six objects will provide a much firmer foundation for a conclusion that touches on important questions of fundamental physics.
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