Maximum-likelihood estimation of the density matrix

Details Maximum-likelihood estimation of the density matrix Maximum-likelihood estimation of the density matrix

1999-09-16

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9909052v1

Phys. Rev. A 61, 010304(R) (2000).

Physics

Quantum Physics

4 pages, 3 figures (5 eps files). Submitted to Phys. Rev. A as a Rapid Communication

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.61.010304

We present a universal technique for quantum state estimation based on the maximum-likelihood method. This approach provides a positive definite estimate for the density matrix from a sequence of measurements performed on identically prepared copies of the system. The method is versatile and can be applied to multimode radiation fields as well as to spin systems. The incorporation of physical constraints, which is natural in the maximum-likelihood strategy, leads to a substantial reduction of statistical errors. Numerical implementation of the method is based on a particular form of the Gauss decomposition for positive definite Hermitian matrices.

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