Thermodynamics of Near-Extreme Black Holes

Details Thermodynamics of Near-Extreme Black Holes Thermodynamics of Near-Extreme Black Holes

2000-12-04

arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0012020v1

Physics

High Energy Physics

High Energy Physics - Theory

12 pages, Latex, submitted for the proceedings of JGRG10, the 10th meeting of the Japanese Society of General Relativity and G

Scientific paper

The thermodynamics of nearly-extreme charged black holes depends upon the number of ground states at fixed large charge and upon the distribution of excited energy states. Here three possibilities are examined: (1) Ground state highly degenerate (as suggested by the large semiclassical Hawking entropy of an extreme Reissner-Nordstrom black hole), excited states not. (2) All energy levels highly degenerate, with macroscopic energy gaps between them. (3) All states nondegenerate (or with low degeneracy), separated by exponentially tiny energy gaps. I suggest that in our world with broken supersymmetry, this last possibility seems most plausible. An experiment is proposed to distinguish between these possibilities, but it would take a time that is here calculated to be more than about 10^837 years.

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