Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
1996-07-26
Phys.Lett. B388 (1996) 532-542
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
20 pages, plain LaTeX. Footnote 26 expanded to include implication of neutrino-higgsino mixing, and two new footnotes added
Scientific paper
10.1016/S0370-2693(96)01180-X
The paper addresses the problem of suppressing naturally the unsafe d=4 as well as the color-triplet mediated and/or gravity-linked d=5 proton-decay operators, which generically arise in SUSY-unification. It also attempts to give light masses to the neutrinos, of the type suggested by current experiments. It is noted that neither the symmetries in $SO(10)$, nor those in $E_6$, suffice for the purpose -- especially in the matter of suppressing naturally the d=5 proton-decay operators. By contrast, it is shown that a certain {\it string-derived symmetry}, which cannot arise within conventional grand unification, but which does arise within a class of three-generation string-solutions, suffices, in conjuction with $B-L$, to safeguard proton-stability from all potential dangers, including those which may arise through higher dimensional operators and the color-triplets in the infinite tower of states. At the same time, the symmetry in question permits neutrinos to acquire appropriate masses. This shows that {\it string theory plays an essential role in ensuring natural consistency of SUSY-unification with two low-energy observations -- proton-stability and light masses for the neutrinos}. The correlation between the masses of the extra $Z'$-boson (or bosons), which arise in these models, and proton-decay rate is noted.
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