Parts of Quantum States

Details Parts of Quantum States Parts of Quantum States

2004-07-15

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0407117v1

Phys. Rev. A 71, 012324 (2005)

Physics

Quantum Physics

10 pages, 1 figure

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.71.012324

It is shown that generic N-party pure quantum states (with equidimensional subsystems) are uniquely determined by their reduced states of just over half the parties; in other words, all the information in almost all N-party pure states is in the set of reduced states of just over half the parties. For N even, the reduced states in fewer than N/2 parties are shown to be an insufficient description of almost all states (similar results hold when N is odd). It is noted that Real Algebraic Geometry is a natural framework for any analysis of parts of quantum states: two simple polynomials, a quadratic and a cubic, contain all of their structure. Algorithmic techniques are described which can provide conditions for sets of reduced states to belong to pure or mixed states.

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