Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Theory
Scientific paper
1997-04-08
Asian J.Math. 4 (2) (1998), 1049-1078
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Theory
41 pages, latex, no figures; typos in references are corrected
Scientific paper
It has been known since the beginning of this century that isomonodromic problems --- typically the Painlev\'e transcendents --- in a suitable asymptotic region look like a kind of ``modulation'' of isospectral problem. This connection between isomonodromic and isospectral problems is reconsidered here in the light of recent studies related to the Seiberg-Witten solutions of $N = 2$ supersymmetric gauge theories. A general machinary is illustrated in a typical isomonodromic problem, namely the Schlesinger equation, which is reformulated to include a small parameter $\epsilon$. In the small-$\epsilon$ limit, solutions of this isomonodromic problem are expected to behave as a slowly modulated finite-gap solution of an isospectral problem. The modulation is caused by slow deformations of the spectral curve of the finite-gap solution. A modulation equation of this slow dynamics is derived by a heuristic method. An inverse period map of Seiberg-Witten type turns out to give general solutions of this modulation equation. This construction of general solution also reveals the existence of deformations of Seiberg-Witten type on the same moduli space of spectral curves. A prepotential is also constructed in the same way as the prepotential of the Seiberg-Witten theory.
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