Quantum privacy amplification and the security of quantum cryptography over noisy channels

Details Quantum privacy amplification and the security of quantum cryptography over noisy channels Quantum privacy amplification and the security of quantum cryptography over noisy channels

1996-04-30

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9604039v1

Phys.Rev.Lett.77:2818-2821,1996; Erratum-ibid.80:2022-2022,1998

Physics

Quantum Physics

13 pages, Latex including 2 postcript files included using psfig macros

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2818

Existing quantum cryptographic schemes are not, as they stand, operable in the presence of noise on the quantum communication channel. Although they become operable if they are supplemented by classical privacy-amplification techniques, the resulting schemes are difficult to analyse and have not been proved secure. We introduce the concept of quantum privacy amplification and a cryptographic scheme incorporating it which is provably secure over a noisy channel. The scheme uses an `entanglement purification' procedure which, because it requires only a few quantum Controlled-Not and single-qubit operations, could be implemented using technology that is currently being developed. The scheme allows an arbitrarily small bound to be placed on the information that any eavesdropper may extract from the encrypted message.

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