Physics – Optics
Scientific paper
2007-12-11
Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 013905 (2008)
Physics
Optics
4 pages, 3 figures (Figs. 1 and 2 revised.)
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.013905
We point out that electromagnetic one-way edge modes analogous to quantum Hall edge states, originally predicted by Raghu and Haldane in 2D gyroelectric photonic crystals possessing Dirac point-derived bandgaps, can appear in more general settings. In particular, we show that the TM modes in a gyromagnetic photonic crystal can be formally mapped to electronic wavefunctions in a periodic electromagnetic field, so that the only requirement for the existence of one-way edge modes is that the Chern number for all bands below a gap is non-zero. In a square-lattice gyromagnetic Yttrium-Iron-Garnet photonic crystal operating at microwave frequencies, which lacks Dirac points, time-reversal breaking is strong enough that the effect should be easily observable. For realistic material parameters, the edge modes occupy a 10% band gap. Numerical simulations of a one-way waveguide incorporating this crystal show 100% transmission across strong defects, such as perfect conductors several lattice constants wide, larger than the width of the waveguide.
Chong Y. D.
Joannopoulos John D.
Soljačić Marin
Wang Zheng
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