Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2008-11-19
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107, 19708 (2010) [open access article]
Physics
Quantum Physics
12 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, published online before print: http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2010/10/29/1002780107.abstract
Scientific paper
10.1073/pnas.1002780107
Bell's theorem shows that local realistic theories place strong restrictions on observable correlations between different systems, giving rise to Bell's inequality which can be violated in experiments using entangled quantum states. Bell's theorem is based on the assumptions of realism, locality, and the freedom to choose between measurement settings. In experimental tests, "loopholes" arise which allow observed violations to still be explained by local realistic theories. Violating Bell's inequality while simultaneously closing all such loopholes is one of the most significant still open challenges in fundamental physics today. In this paper, we present an experiment that violates Bell's inequality while simultaneously closing the locality loophole and addressing the freedom-of-choice loophole, also closing the latter within a reasonable set of assumptions. We also explain that the locality and freedom-of-choice loopholes can be closed only within non-determinism, i.e. in the context of stochastic local realism.
Fedrizzi Alessandro
Herbst Thomas
Jennewein Thomas
Kofler Johannes
Langford Nathan K.
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