Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2001-01-16
J. Phys. A 35, L407 (2002)
Physics
Quantum Physics
9 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables; final version
Scientific paper
10.1088/0305-4470/35/28/103
We propose a cryptographic scheme that is deterministic: Alice sends single photons to Bob, and each and every photon detected supplies one key bit -- no photon is wasted. This is in marked contrast to other schemes in which a random process decides whether the next photon sent will contribute to the key or not. The determinism is achieved by preparing the photons in two-qubit states, rather than the one-qubit states used in conventional schemes. In particular, we consider the realistic situation in which one qubit is the photon polarization, the other a spatial alternative. Further, we show how one can exploit the deterministic nature for direct secure communication, that is: without the need for establishing a shared key first.
Beige Almut
Englert Berthold-Georg
Kurtsiefer Christian
Weinfurter Harald
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