Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2010-04-21
Nucl. Phys. B 840 (2010) 379
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
35 pages, 2 Tables, 5 figures (eps files embedded in text); v2 wrong lettering in Fig. 5 corrected; 1 reference added; some ca
Scientific paper
10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2010.07.013
We propose a new framework for transverse-momentum dependent parton distribution functions, based on a generalized conception of gauge invariance which includes into the Wilson lines the Pauli term $\sim F^{\mu\nu}[\gamma_\mu, \gamma_\nu]$. We discuss the relevance of this nonminimal term for unintegrated parton distribution functions, pertaining to spinning particles, and analyze its influence on their renormalization-group properties. It is shown that while the Pauli term preserves the probabilistic interpretation of twist-two distributions---unpolarized and polarized---it gives rise to additional pole contributions to those of twist-three. The anomalous dimension induced this way is a matrix, calling for a careful analysis of evolution effects. Moreover, it turns out that the crosstalk between the Pauli term and the longitudinal and the transverse parts of the gauge fields, accompanying the fermions, induces a constant, but process-dependent, phase which is the same for leading and subleading distribution functions. We include Feynman rules for the calculation with gauge links containing the Pauli term and comment on the phenomenological implications of our approach.
Cherednikov Igor O.
Karanikas Alexandros I.
Stefanis N. G.
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