On the effective size of certain "Schrödinger cat'' like states

Details On the effective size of certain "Schrödinger cat'' like states On the effective size of certain "Schrödinger cat'' like states

2002-05-16

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0205099v1

Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 210402 (2002)

Physics

Quantum Physics

4 pages, no figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.210402

Several experiments and experimental proposals for the production of macroscopic superpositions naturally lead to states of the general form $|\phi_1>^{\otimes N}+|\phi_2>^{\otimes N}$, where the number of subsystems $N$ is very large, but the states of the individual subsystems have large overlap, $|{\l}\phi_1|\phi_2 \r|^2=1-\epsilon^2$. We propose two different methods for assigning an effective particle number to such states, using ideal Greenberger--Horne--Zeilinger (GHZ)-- states of the form $|0\r^{\otimes n}+|1\r^{\otimes n}$ as a standard of comparison. The two methods are based on decoherence and on a distillation protocol respectively. Both lead to an effective size $n$ of the order of $N \epsilon^2$.

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