Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2003-11-03
Phys.Lett.B581:82-92,2004
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
10 pages, 4 figures, REVTeX. 1 new reference and minor changes in text
Scientific paper
10.1016/j.physletb.2003.11.042
The linear $\sigma$-model with a chemical potential for hypercharge is a toy model for the description of the dynamics of the kaon condensate in high density QCD. We analyze the dynamics of the gauged version of this model. It is shown that spontaneous breakdown of $SU(2) \times U(1)_{Y}$ symmetry, caused by the chemical potential, is always accompanied by spontaneous breakdown of both rotational symmetry and electromagnetic $U(1)_{em}$. The spectrum of excitations in this model is rich and, because of rotational symmetry breakdown, anisotropic. It is shown that there exist excitation branches that behave as phonon like quasiparticles for small momenta and as roton like ones for large momenta. This suggests that this model can be relevant for anisotropic superfluid systems.
Gusynin Valery P.
Miransky V. A.
Shovkovy Igor A.
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