Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2001-11-26
Lect.NotesPhys.592:351-391,2002
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
40 pages; uses svmult.cls, physprbb.sty, subeqnar.sty, cropmark.sty, sprmindx.sty; minor corrections; lectures given at the "F
Scientific paper
The big bang model and the history of the early universe according to the grand unified theories are introduced. The shortcomings of big bang are discussed together with their resolution by inflationary cosmology. Inflation, the subsequent oscillation and decay of the inflaton, and the resulting "reheating" of the universe are studied. The density perturbations produced by inflation and the temperature fluctuations of the cosmic background radiation are discussed. The hybrid inflationary model is described. Two "natural" extensions of this model which avoid the disaster encountered in its standard realization from the overproduction of monopoles are presented. Successful "reheating" satisfying the gravitino constraint takes place after the end of inflation in all three versions of hybrid inflation. Adequate baryogenesis via a primordial leptogenesis occurs consistently with the solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillation data. The primordial lepton asymmetry is turned partly into baryon asymmetry via the sphalerons which are summarized.
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