Physics – General Physics
Scientific paper
2009-10-14
Physics
General Physics
18 pages, 8 figures
Scientific paper
The 2nd law of thermodynamics sheds light on present-day puzzles in cosmology. The universal law, as an equation of motion, describes diverse systems consuming free energy via various mechanisms to attain stationary states in their respective surroundings. Increasing rate of expansion of the Universe, galactic rotation and lensing as well as clustering of red-shifted spectral lines are found as natural consequences of the maximal energy dispersal that satisfies the conservation of energy, in the forms of kinetic, potential and dissipation. The Universe in its entirety is pictured as a giant Riemannian resonator in evolution via step-by-step spontaneous breaking of one stationary-state symmetry to another to diminish the energy density difference relative to its zero-density surroundings. The continuum equation of evolution is proven equivalent to the Navier-Stokes equation. The ubiquitous flow equation has no solution because the forces and flows are inseparable when the dissipative process has three or more degrees of freedom. Since an evolving system is without a norm, there is no unitary transformation to solve the characteristic equation but detailed trajectories remain inherently intractable.
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