Physics
Scientific paper
Dec 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002agufm.a22d..08s&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002, abstract #A22D-08
Physics
1610 Atmosphere (0315, 0325), 1620 Climate Dynamics (3309), 3319 General Circulation, 3334 Middle Atmosphere Dynamics (0341, 0342), 3362 Stratosphere/Troposphere Interactions
Scientific paper
Interannual changes over the Northern Hemisphere during northern winter form a signature of anomalous downwelling. It reflects the residual mean circulation of the stratosphere, which penetrates into the Arctic troposphere. The signature of anomalous downwelling is compensated at lower latitude by a signature of anomalous upwelling. Jointly, these features have the structure of the Arctic Oscillation (AO). They operate coherently with anomalous forcing of the residual circulation, which involves changes of planetary wave activity and the QBO. Changes of wintertime structure over the Northern Hemisphere are shown to be accompanied by coherent changes over the Southern Hemisphere and tropics. They are visible even inside the tropical troposphere, where they reflect anomalous upwelling inside centers of deep convection. Changes of summertime structure are large over the Antarctic. They operate coherently but out of phase with changes over the Arctic. The signature of anomalous upwelling is also visible in the Southern Hemisphere troposphere, where it influences the summertime circulation. Analogous changes are found in total ozone observed by the satellite instrument TOMS. Like dynamical structure, interannual changes of ozone track anomalous forcing of the residual circulation. Included is its systematic decline over the 1980s and early~1990s. Along with year-to-year changes, it evidences a compensation between the Southern and Northern Hemispheres. The out of phase nature of those changes is consistent with the dynamical signature of anomalous upwelling and downwelling.
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