The 2006 December 21 Substorm Event

Details The 2006 December 21 Substorm Event The 2006 December 21 Substorm Event

Dec 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011agufmsm33a2132c&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2011, abstract #SM33A-2132

Physics

[2752] Magnetospheric Physics / Mhd Waves And Instabilities, [2790] Magnetospheric Physics / Substorms

Scientific paper

We present key features of the 2006/12/21 substorm event observed by the THEMIS ground-based All-Sky-Imagers, the ISUAL CCD Imager aboard the FORMOSAT-2 satellite, the geosynchronous satellites and the ground-based magnetometers, and discuss the implication of the observations. There are three subsequent arc breakups with time separation of < 1 minute before the full substorm expansion. Prior to each arc breakup the arc showed clear azimuthally-spaced bright spot structure along the arc with high mode number (~140-180) and its intensity grew together with the Pi 2 pulsation amplitude measured by ground-based magnetometers under the arcs. The Pi 1 perturbations appeared several tens of seconds after the arc breakup started. To explain these observations, we propose that the kinetic ballooning instability (KBI) is excited due to strong plasma pressure gradient in the near-Earth plasma sheet region and the KBI parallel electric field accelerates electrons along the magnetic field lines into the ionosphere to produce the arc. The arc azimuthally-spaced structure corresponds to the KBI azimuthal wave structure. The arc breakup corresponds to the KBI entering nonlinear regime with large wave amplitude and turbulence. The longitudinal extent of the substorm earthward expansion region was estimated from timings of the dispersionless energetic proton and electron injections observed by geosynchronous satellites. The longitudinal extent of the substorm expansion front is roughly located between ~19.50 MLT and ~23.00 MLT, which is consistent with the auroral activity longitudinal extent observed by the THEMIS GBO ASIs.

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