Satellite methods for studying the atmospheric gaseous composition. A review.

Physics

Scientific paper

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Earth Atmosphere: Space Research, Earth Atmosphere: Chemical Composition

Scientific paper

A review of the present-day state of satellites methods for determining the atmospheric gaseous composition is made. Three passive methods are considered: the transparency method, the thermal radiation one, and the method of reflected and scattered solar radiation for two measurement geometries from space - the nadir and tangent ones. The physical and mathematical basis for each of these techniques is discussed, as well as their strong and weak points, and also the problems of initial spectroscopic information and the method of interpreting the satellite measurement data. Information is given on the most important satellite experiments of the last decade, their scientific results, the instrumentation, and errors in the retrieval of a number of minor gaseous constituents (MGC) of the atmosphere: O3, H2O, CH4, NO2, N2O, HNO3, CO, etc. Prospective developments of satellite methods for measuring the MGC are discussed.

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