Generation of long-delay echoes

Details Generation of long-delay echoes Generation of long-delay echoes

Sep 1979

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1979jgr....84.5199m&link_type=abstract

Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 84, Sept. 1, 1979, p. 5199-5215.

Physics

1

Atmospheric Models, Ionospheric Propagation, Propagation Modes, Radio Echoes, Continuous Radiation, Electrostatics, Ray Tracing, Signal Transmission, Wave Interaction

Scientific paper

The following models proposed for long-delay echoes (LDE) are discussed: (1) radio waves of frequency less than about 4 MHz can become trapped in magnetic field-aligned ionization ducts with L values less than about 4. These waves after being trapped can propagate to the opposite hemisphere where they become reflected in the topside ionosphere. They can return along the duct, leave it, and propagate to the receiver; (2) the signals from two separated transmitters T1 and T2, T2 transmitting CW or quasi-CW signals, interact nonlinearly in the ionosphere of magnetosphere. If the wave vector and frequency of the forced oscillation at the difference frequency of the two signals satisfies the dispersion relation for electrostatic waves, such waves would exist and begin to propagate. This wave could grow in amplitude due to wave-particle interaction. At a later time it could interact with the CW signal and propagate to T1. (3) The delays of tens of seconds could be explained if the model (2) is applied to a magnetospheric ionization duct.

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