Magnetic diffusion and ionization fractions in dense molecular clouds - The role of charged grains

Physics

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Charged Particles, Interstellar Matter, Ionization Coefficients, Magnetic Diffusion, Molecular Collisions, Plasma Clouds, Charge Exchange, Dissociation, Interstellar Magnetic Fields, Magnetic Effects, Particle Collisions, Recombination Reactions, Viscosity

Scientific paper

The physics of magnetic diffusion in dense molecular clouds is examined, with particular attention given to the role of charged grains in controlling the process. The ionization fraction of dense molecular clouds in the presence of grains is determined from considerations of charge exchange, dissociative recombination, radiative recombination and collisions between grains and charged species, and it is found that the inclusion of grains tends to lower the ionization fraction for a given cosmic-ray ionization rate and metal depletion. The kinematics of grain motion is discussed and it is shown that at temperatures less than 30 K, each grain alternates rapidly in charge between -1 and 0 and thus executes periodic motion in a self-gravitating cloud containing a magnetic field. The full kinematics of magnetic diffusion including the motions of ions and electrons are then examined, taking into account the additional viscous force from charged grains, and numerical calculations of the diffusion time scales of uniform, magnetically supported clouds or cloud cores are presented.

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