Physics
Scientific paper
Dec 1983
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1983rspta.310..227r&link_type=abstract
(Royal Society, Discussion on the Constants of Physics, London, England, May 25, 26, 1983) Royal Society (London), Philosophical
Physics
49
Gravitation Theory, Gravitational Constant, Relativity, Solar System, Lunar Rangefinding, Mariner 9 Space Probe, Mars (Planet), Secular Variations, Time Lag, Viking Spacecraft
Scientific paper
Traditionally, theories for gravitation have received their most demanding tests in the solar-system laboratory. This paper reviews recent results from two gravitation experiments: (1) Analyses of a possible secular change of the gravitational constant using the Viking data yield |G/G| < 3×10-11 per year. With further analysis, the currently available ensemble of data should permit an estimate of G/G with an uncertainty of 10-11 per year. (2) Shapiro's time-delay effect has provided the most stringent solar-system test of general relativity. The effect has been measured to be consistent with the predictions of general relativity with a fractional uncertainty of 0.1%. Furthermore, due to technological development, new kinds of tests are feasible. Among these are some that measure relativistic effects due to the square of the (solar) potential and others that detect the Earth's "gravitomagnetic" field (the Lense-Thirring effect).
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