Decadal and Interdecadal Surface Magnetic Variability of Sunlike and Other Cool Stars

Physics

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Scientific paper

Cross sectional and time serial surveys of disk-integrated proxies of surface magnetic features in cool stars - those with non-trivial subsurface convection zones - have yielded information on stellar magnetic variability, which may express in one or more modes. For example, decadal magnetic variability is present on the sun and some lower-main sequence stars. Additionally, evidence for interdecadal magnetic variability, for instance, the solar Maunder Minimum of the 17^th century and first noted in the parameter of Sunspot Number, may also be present. Surface magnetic variability may be viewed as an expression of the action of a dynamo within or just below the convective zone that produces large-scale dynamo waves. Consequences for dynamo models will be discussed, based primarily on results from the near-four-decades-long monitoring program of Ca II H and K emission fluxes of lower main sequence stars at Mount Wilson Observatory, the precision photometry made at Lowell and Fairborn Observatory-Tennessee State University, and solar modulation imprinted in terrestrial ecosystems..

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