Physics
Scientific paper
Aug 2006
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006hrxs.confe..37s&link_type=abstract
High Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy: towards XEUS and Con-X, Proceedings of the international workshop held at the Mullard Space
Physics
Scientific paper
Detailed X-ray spectoscopy of the interstellar medium (ISM) has been established only recently with the advent of high resolution spectrometers onboard Chandra and XMM-Newton. While it was sufficient for the modeling of low- and medium-resolution spectra to rely on optical constants devoid of atomic substructure, this new generation of spectrometers not only resolve the photoelectric aborption egdes and reveal their morphology but also allow to diagnose cool, warm, and hot ISM phases. Distant and bright back-illuminating X- ray sources such as X-ray binaries allow the determination of optical depths of photo-electic absorption edges and the equivalent widths of resonance absorption lines from atoms, ions, and molecules in the ISM. We present results from a survey using Chandra's high resolution transmission grating spectrometer (HETGS). We measure narrow line absorption from Kalpha lines of O I, II, III, Ne II, III, IX, optical depths of O K, Fe L, Ne K edges and determine abundance ratios and ionization fractions for various phases in the ISM. For our interpretations we utilize recent calculations and laboratory measuments of the fine structure of atomic absorption cross-sections. We lay out stratgies for future surveys. Chandra is limited to observations within specific column density ranges of the brightest continuum sources in the Galactic plane plus a few extragalactic sources. Surveys with Constellation-X will provide the survey capacity we need to study Galactic and extragalactic ISMs with the necessary spatial sensitivity.
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