Solar wind penetration to geostationary altitude during the March 1991 magnetic storm

Details Solar wind penetration to geostationary altitude during the March 1991 magnetic storm Solar wind penetration to geostationary altitude during the March 1991 magnetic storm

Sep 1992

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992esasp.346..223g&link_type=abstract

In ESA, Study of the Solar-Terrestrial System p 223-228 (SEE N93-31674 12-90)

Physics

Plasma Physics

Earth Orbital Environments, Magnetic Storms, Satellite Observation, Solar Wind, Alpha Particles, Earth Magnetosphere, Flux Density, Plasma Physics, Spectrograms

Scientific paper

Using the Magnetospheric Ion Composition Spectrometer (MICS) on the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES), high charge state magnetospheric ions in the energy range 20 to 400 keV/Q, believed to be originally solar wind materials, were examined. During the solar storm of Mar. 1991 a considerable increase in the numbers of alpha particles, Fe, Si, and other species, was seen. Moreover the relative abundances of the more massive species change relative to alpha particles on two occasions. Simultaneous changes in their charge states are seen. For example, in the case of iron, charge peaks around 9 and 16 and swings between the dominent charge state can be recognized. The swings in other species' charge state are consistent with a change in source temperature from 1,100,000 to 2,500,000 K as expected for different streams of coronal origin. It is clear that this material is trapped within the magnetosphere, which suggests that, not only has there been an abrupt change between fast and slow stream material, but also that this signature has penetrated promptly to geostationary altitude. This hypothesis is to some extent confirmed by data from the GOES7 satellite, which shows evidence of a flux tube impinging on the magnetosphere during the main period of high charge state material. However, this period is also characterized by high ring current activity, as evidenced by large negative Dst, which might provide an alternative explanation for the charge state changes although this is viewed as unlikely given the ionization rates for iron.

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